Rx Sermorelin

§ REFERENCES

Every source cited across this site, with DOIs and PubMed identifiers.

Pediatric pivotal trials, adult investigational studies, mechanism reviews, pharmacokinetic data, regulatory determinations, and contemporary compounding monographs.

About the citation list

Each entry below corresponds to an inline [N] marker elsewhere on this site. Where a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is available, it is included; PubMed and PMC identifiers are linked when present. Federal Register documents are linked to the official Government Publishing Office record.

The selection criteria are simple. Primary peer-reviewed literature was preferred over secondary commentary. Pivotal trial reports, mechanism reviews, pharmacokinetic studies, and FDA regulatory documents are the four categories represented here. The list is finite and intentional rather than exhaustive — a curated reading list for a reader who wants to follow the record to source.

None of these sources represent affiliations or endorsements. They are citations in the academic sense — the documents from which the factual claims on this site derive.

  1. Prakash A, Goa KL. Sermorelin: a review of its use in the diagnosis and treatment of children with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency. BioDrugs. 1999;12(2):139-157. ↗
  2. Kirk JM, Trainer PJ, Majrowski WH, Murphy J, Savage MO, Besser GM. Treatment with GHRH(1-29)NH2 in children with idiopathic short stature induces a sustained increase in growth velocity. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford). 1994;41(4):487-493. ↗
  3. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Determination That GEREF (Sermorelin Acetate) Injection, 0.5 Milligrams Base/Vial and 1.0 Milligrams Base/Vial, and GEREF (Sermorelin Acetate) Injection, 0.05 Milligrams Base/Amp, Were Not Withdrawn From Sale for Reasons of Safety or Effectiveness. Federal Register. 2013;78(43):14271. ↗
  4. Prakash A, Goa KL. Sermorelin: a review of its use in the diagnosis and treatment of children with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency. BioDrugs. 1999;12(2):139-157. (Diagnostic-use section.) ↗
  5. Sermorelin acetate prescribing information / RxList drug monograph. 2008. (Pharmacokinetic data from 12 normal adult volunteers at 0.25-1.0 mg IV and 2 mg SC.) ↗
  6. Khorram O, Laughlin GA, Yen SS, et al. Activation of the GH/IGF-1 axis by daily sermorelin in older adults: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 1997;82(5):1472-1479. ↗
  7. Baker LD, Barsness SM, Borson S, Merriam GR, Friedman SD, Craft S, Vitiello MV. Effects of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone on Cognitive Function in Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Older Adults: Results of a Controlled Trial. Archives of Neurology. 2012;69(11):1420-1429. ↗
  8. Vitiello MV, Schwartz RS, Moe KE, Mazzoni G, Merriam GR. Treating age-related changes in somatotrophic hormones, sleep, and cognition. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience. 2001;3(3):229-236. ↗
  9. Walker RF. Sermorelin: A better approach to management of adult-onset growth hormone insufficiency? Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2006;1(4):307-308. ↗
  10. Chang Y, Huang R, Zhai Y, Huang L, Feng Y, Wang D, Chai R, Zhang W, Hu H. A potentially effective drug for patients with recurrent glioma: sermorelin. Annals of Translational Medicine. 2021;9(6):485. ↗
  11. Gesmundo I, Miragoli M, Carullo P, et al. Growth hormone-releasing hormone attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and improves heart function in pressure overload-induced heart failure. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 2017;114(45):12033-12038. ↗
  12. Dieguez C, Lopez M, Casanueva F. Hypothalamic GHRH. Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders. 2025. ↗
  13. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Interim Policy on Compounding Using Bulk Drug Substances Under Section 503A of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act; Guidance for Industry; Availability. Federal Register. 2025;90(4):1232. ↗
  14. Sermorelin acetate prescribing information / RxList drug monograph. 2008. (Adverse-event profile from pediatric pivotal trials and adult studies.) ↗
  15. Prakash A, Goa KL. Sermorelin: a review of its use in the diagnosis and treatment of children with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency. BioDrugs. 1999;12(2):139-157. (International Study Group multicenter pivotal trial summary, n=110, 36-month follow-up.) ↗
  16. Falutz J, Allas S, Blot K, et al. Effects of tesamorelin on visceral fat and liver fat in HIV-infected patients with abdominal fat accumulation: a randomized clinical trial. New England Journal of Medicine. 2007;357(23):2359-2370. ↗
  17. Empower Pharmacy. Sermorelin Acetate Injection — compounding monograph. 2024. (Contemporary 503A/503B compounding practice: lyophilized presentation, bacteriostatic-water reconstitution, refrigerated storage, USP <797> peptide compounding guidance.) ↗
  18. Blackman MR. Use of growth hormone secretagogues to prevent or treat the effects of aging: not yet ready for prime time. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2008;149(9):677-679. ↗
  19. Granata R, Leone S, Zhang X, Gesmundo I, Steenblock C, Cai R, Sha W, Ghigo E, Hare JM, Bornstein SR, Schally AV. Growth hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues in health and disease. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 2025;21(3):180-195. ↗
  20. Munafo A, Nguyen TX, Papasouliotis O, et al. Polyethylene glycol-conjugated growth hormone-releasing hormone is long acting and stimulates GH in healthy young and elderly subjects. European Journal of Endocrinology. 2005;153(3):377-386. ↗
  21. Esposito S, et al. Advances in the detection of growth hormone releasing hormone synthetic analogs. Drug Testing and Analysis. 2021;13(11-12):1780-1795. ↗
  22. Thorner M, Rochiccioli P, Colle M, Lanes R, Grunt J, Galazka A, Landy H, Eengrand P, Shah S. Once daily subcutaneous growth hormone-releasing hormone therapy accelerates growth in growth hormone-deficient children during the first year of therapy. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1996;81(3):1189-1196. ↗